Chemical constituents of ethanol extract of leaves and molluscicidal activity of crude extracts from Vitex trifolia Linn.
Abstract
β-sitosterol and two triterpenoids: ursolic acid acetate and platanic acid have been isolated
from ethanolic extract of Vitex trifola leaves. β-sitosterol was previously isolated
from the leaves, stem and seeds of Vitex trifolia. Ursolic acid acetate has been isolated
for the first time in this plant species. Platanic acid has been reported for the first time
in Vitex trifolia and even in the family of this plant: Verbenaceae. These compounds were
characterized using spectroscopic methods including 1D-1HNMR, 13CNMR, ESIMS and
2D-NMR (HSQC, HMBC, COSY) experiments and confirmed by comparison of their NMR
data with those from the literature. A preliminary molluscicidal test for ethanol, chloroform
and n-hexane extracts of leaves of Vitex trifolia against Biomphalaria alexandrina
adult snails showed that ethanol extract of leaves with LC50 value 26.42 mg/l (27.92 mg/l
– 24.99 mg/l) was more effective than n-hexane extract with LC50 value 35.48 mg/l
(43.81 mg/l – 28.72mg/l) and chloroform extract with LC50 value 46.77 mg/l (53.59 mg/l –
43.81 mg/l) after 24 h exposure.